Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
type: channel
description: JRAAS (pISSN 0970-1990) is an Indexed Journal. The first issue of Journal was published in 1986. JRAAS publishing Special Issues in Medicine & Surgery (Volume 40) on the occasion of completing it’s 40 year of publishing. Journal was being successfully run and managed by succeeding editors and thus, achieved the indexing in Clarivate Analytics Science Citation Index (SCI) with an Impact Factor of 0.5 during year 2012. Journal is also indexed in NCBI-NLM Catalogue; EBSCOhost database (ebscohost.com); CAS Source Index (CASSI); German Union Catalogue of Serials (ZDB); hbz union database, Germany, ZB MED search Portal Germany etc. Further, more than 150 leading Universities from USA, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa have subscribed to the print issues of the journal. For more details visit the abstracting and indexing webpage of the journal. Abstracting and Indexing For detailed abstracting and indexing please about the journal section. https://internationalmedicalpublishing.com/index.php/JRAAS/about
publisher: Anveshika Publishing & Informatics
language: en
publication name: Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
issn: 0970-1990
items: Spectrum & Clinicopathological Profile of Leukemia in a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India
items: Prevalence of Hypoalbuminemia Among Older Adults Admitted with Intertrochanteric Fracture & Its Impact on Clinical Outcome
items: Green & Sustainable Radiology: Advancing One Health Through Energy Efficiency & Environmental Responsibility
items: A Massive Ovarian Mixed Germ Cell Tumour Mimicking Severe Pre-eclampsia in an Adolescent Pregnancy: A Case Report
items: Impact of Prior COVID-19 on the Demographics & Exposure Pattern of Tuberculosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
items: Needling Infertility: Diagnostic Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of Testes in the Evaluation of Male Infertility
items: Evaluation of P-53 & E-Cadherin Status in Breast Carcinoma & Its Correlation with Histological Grading
items: Beyond Appendicitis: A Rare Case of Succenturiate Placenta Increta Presenting as Acute Abdomen
items: Missed on Imaging, Found on Laparoscopy: A Case of Primary Infertility
items: Giant Fibroadenoma with TP53 Pro/Pro Variant in a 19-Year-Old: Case Report & Implications for Early Risk Stratification
items: Comparative Study of Thyroid Profile in Patients of Diabetic & Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease
items: Correlation Between Hyperferritinemia & Microvascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
items: A Prospective Study of Clinical Profile of Acute Appendicitis & Its Correlation with Ultrasonography Findings In Patients Admitted In J.A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior
items: Difference In Clinico - Etiological Profile of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia at A Tertiary Care Hospital
items: Clinicopathological Spectrum of Intracranial Space-Occupying Lesions: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
items: A Comparative Study of Lichtenstein's Technique & Modified Lichtenstein Techniquein the Surgical Management of Inguinal Hernia
items: The Promise & Peril of Personalized Medicine
items: A Community-Driven Analysis of Home Delivery Preference among Tribal Families in Bhimpur Block, Madhya Pradesh
items: A Clinical Study of Socio-Demographic Variables and Their Correlation to Psychiatric Morbidities in Dermatological Disorders
items: Clinical & Ultrasonography Based Scoring to Predict Pre-Operatively the Conversionof Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy - A Prospective Observational Study
items: Intracameral use of Moxifloxacin in Prevention of Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery in a Tertiary Care Centre
items: Study of Serum Electrolytes in Patients Presenting with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
items: Unmasking the Hidden Uterine Cavity: Laparoscopic Excision of ACUM in an Adolescent Girl
items: Robotic-Assisted Myomectomy of a Deeply Impacted Retroperitoneal Fibroid Running Head: Robotic Myomectomy of Retroperitoneal Fibroid
items: Clinical Profile, Management, and Outcomes of Penile Fracture: A Case Series of Four Patients
items: A Clinical Study of Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Liver Abscess in a Tertiary Care Hospital
items: Congenital Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia
items: To Study Cardiovascular Changes in Patient of Anemia
items: A Study of Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Haemodialysis at a Tertiary Care Centre
items: Relationship of Femoral Artery Ultrasound Measures of Atherosclerosis in Chronic Kidney Disease: Assessing Atherosclerosis in CKD Via fIMT

Spectrum & Clinicopathological Profile of Leukemia in a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India
type: item
description: Introduction: Leukemia comprises a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies with varying clinical and epidemiological patterns across different regions. Understanding the local distribution of leukemia subtypes is important for improving early diagnosis, treatment strategies, and patient management. Aim & Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the spectrum of leukemia and analyze its distribution according to age and gender in a tertiary care center in Northern India. Material & Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 108 diagnosed cases of leukemia. Diagnosis was established using hematological, morphological, and cytochemical evaluation. Demographic and clinical details, including age, gender, and leukemia subtype, were collected from hospital records and analyzed statistically using the Chi-square test, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Chronic leukemias accounted for most cases (86.11%), with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia being the predominant subtype (75.92%), followed by Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (10.18%). Among acute leukemias, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (9.25%) was slightly more common than Acute Myeloid Leukemia (4.62%). A mild male predominance was observed (M: F = 1.28:1), although no significant association was found between gender and leukemia subtype (p = 0.900). Age-wise distribution showed a significant association with leukemia subtype (p < 0.001), with ALL predominating in children, CML in middle-aged adults, and CLL in elderly individuals. Conclusion: Chronic leukemias, particularly CML, were the most common leukemias observed in this region, with distinct age-related patterns across different subtypes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Leukemia; Chronic Myeloid Leukemia; Acute Leukemia; Epidemiology; Northern India; Hematological Malignancies
  topic: keywords
creator: Neha Kumari
creator: Vandana Mishra Tewari
creator: Anita Omhare
creator: Shriya Dubey
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-05-16
publication date: 2026-05-16
starting page: 1
ending page: 12
doi: 10.71393/7ph53922

Prevalence of Hypoalbuminemia Among Older Adults Admitted with Intertrochanteric Fracture & Its Impact on Clinical Outcome
type: item
description: Introduction: Intertrochanteric fractures in older adults are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Nutritional status, particularly serum albumin level, is an important indicator of both nutritional reserve and overall systemic health. Aim & Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia among elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures and to evaluate its association with clinical outcomes. Materials & Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 120 patients aged ≥60 years with radiologically confirmed intertrochanteric fractures. Serum albumin levels were measured within 24 hours of admission. Hypoalbuminemia was defined as serum albumin ≤3.5 g/dL. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score. Clinical outcomes included functional recovery, in-hospital mortality, and duration of hospital stay. Results: Hypoalbuminemia was observed in 73.3% of patients. It showed a significant association with poor functional outcomes and prolonged hospital stay (p < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between hypoalbuminemia and mortality. Additionally, MNA scores did not show a significant correlation with serum albumin levels. Conclusion: Hypoalbuminemia is highly prevalent among elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures and serves as an important predictor of poor functional recovery and increased hospital stay. Early identification and nutritional intervention may help improve clinical outcomes in this high-risk population.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hypoalbuminemia, Intertrochanteric fracture, Elderly, Nutritional status, Clinical outcome.
  topic: keywords
creator: Merin Elias
creator: Sucheeth Avanti
creator: Bharat Dhareshwar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-05-10
publication date: 2026-05-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.71393/fx49sh47

Green & Sustainable Radiology: Advancing One Health Through Energy Efficiency & Environmental Responsibility
type: item
description: Introduction: Radiology is essential to modern healthcare, but advanced imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are highly energy-intensive. Continuous equipment operation, cooling systems, and digital infrastructure significantly increase electricity use and carbon emissions. With growing climate concerns and healthcare energy demands, integrating sustainability into radiology practice is crucial within the One Health framework. Aim & Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the electricity consumption profile of a hospital radiology department and assess the impact of structured energy-efficiency interventions. The objectives were to identify major energy-consuming equipment, quantify baseline electricity use, and determine potential reductions achievable through uniform efficiency measures. Materials & Methods: This observational, evidence-based assessment evaluated the monthly electricity consumption of radiology and HVAC equipment before and after a standardized 30 percent energy-efficiency intervention. Equipment-wise power use was recorded, categorized, and compared to determine absolute and relative reductions in energy demand. Results: Baseline analysis demonstrated a highly skewed consumption pattern, with the MRI system accounting for more than half of total monthly electricity use, followed by air conditioning and CT scanners. After intervention, total monthly consumption decreased from 24,419 kWh to 17,094 kWh, achieving a net reduction of 7,325 kWh. The largest absolute savings were observed in MRI, HVAC systems, and CT scanners, while low-power devices showed minimal impact. Conclusion: Targeted energy optimization in high-load imaging and climate control systems can produce substantial electricity savings without compromising diagnostic services. Adoption of sustainable radiology practices represents a practical pathway to reduce healthcare carbon footprint while supporting environmental and public health goals.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Green radiology; Energy efficiency; MRI; One health; Sustainability
  topic: keywords
creator: Rachna Chaurasia
creator: Amar Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.71393/yanek341

A Massive Ovarian Mixed Germ Cell Tumour Mimicking Severe Pre-eclampsia in an Adolescent Pregnancy: A Case Report
type: item
description: Introduction: Co-existence of a malignant ovarian germ cell tumour with advanced pregnancy is rare and poses significant diagnostic challenges. Physiological changes of pregnancy, along with the mechanical and biochemical effects of a large adnexal mass, may mimic acute obstetric conditions and delay diagnosis. Case presentation: A 17-year-old primigravida at 27 weeks 3 days of gestation presented with progressive abdominal distension, orthopnoea, and oliguria for 10 days. She had hypertension (150/90 mmHg) with 2+ proteinuria, suggestive of severe pre-eclampsia. Imaging (ultrasound and MRI) revealed a large solid-cystic pelvi-abdominal mass (167 × 210 × 100 mm) with fat, calcifications, ascites, and bilateral pleural effusion. Cytology of ascitic and pleural fluid was negative for malignancy. Tumour markers showed markedly elevated AFP (2382 ng/mL) along with raised LDH, CA-125, and CEA. After receiving antenatal corticosteroids and magnesium sulphate, she had a spontaneous preterm vaginal delivery of a live female neonate (935 g). Subsequently, fertility-sparing staging laparotomy with left salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, pelvic lymph node sampling, and peritoneal washings was performed with complete macroscopic cytoreduction. Result: Histopathology confirmed a mixed germ cell tumour comprising 90% grade 3 immature teratoma and 10% yolk sac tumour, classified as FIGO stage IA (pT1aN0). Postoperative tumour markers showed a rapid decline. The patient was started on adjuvant multi-agent chemotherapy along with a GnRH agonist for ovarian protection. Conclusion: A large adnexal germ cell malignancy can mimic hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, leading to diagnostic delays. Early use of imaging, appropriate interpretation of tumour markers in pregnancy, and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for timely diagnosis, effective oncological management, and favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Immature teratoma; Mixed germ cell tumour; Pregnancy; Adolescent; Pre-eclampsia; Fertility-sparing surgery.
  topic: keywords
creator: Nilajkumar Bagde
creator: Shweta Yadav
creator: Sulaikha
creator: Madhuri Bagde
creator: Vinita Singh
creator: Chandrashekhar Shrivastava
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-05-06
publication date: 2026-05-06
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.71393/ht09t531

Impact of Prior COVID-19 on the Demographics & Exposure Pattern of Tuberculosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
type: item
description: Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health concern. Although TB mortality had been declining until 2019, it reversed during 2020–2021, as highlighted in the Global Tuberculosis Report 2022, largely due to disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. While COVID-19 has affected TB control programs worldwide, limited data exist on its impact on the demographic and exposure profiles of TB patients, especially in endemic regions. Aim & Objective: To assess the impact of prior COVID-19 infection on the demographics and exposure patterns of TB patients. Materials & Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 482 adult TB patients at a tertiary care center (January 2025–January 2026). Data on age, sex, previous TB history, TB contact, prior COVID-19 infection, vaccination status, steroid use, and hospitalization were collected. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test, and binary logistic regression to identify predictors of previous TB history and TB contact. Results: The mean age was 36.3 ± 15.98 years, with most patients aged 18–27 years (34.0%). Females constituted 63.3% of cases. Previous TB history was present in 54.4%, and 57.9% reported TB contact. Prior COVID-19 infection was documented in 57.3% of patients. A significant association was observed between TB contact and previous TB history (p < 0.001). Logistic regression showed that TB contact increased the odds of previous TB by approximately fourfold (OR = 4.04, 95% CI: 2.75–5.92). Conclusion: COVID-19 related factors showed no significant association with TB history or contact. Traditional risk factors, particularly TB contact and prior TB, remain key determinants, emphasizing the need to strengthen core TB control strategies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tuberculosis, COVID-19, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis contact, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study
  topic: keywords
creator: Kshitij Srivastava
creator: Chayanika Kala
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-05-01
publication date: 2026-05-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.71393/4c9cd207

Needling Infertility: Diagnostic Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of Testes in the Evaluation of Male Infertility
type: item
description: Introduction: Male infertility affects nearly 15% of reproductive-age couples, with male factors contributing to about 50% of cases. Azoospermia, seen in 10–15% of infertile men, requires differentiation into obstructive and non-obstructive types. While a testicular biopsy is definitive, it is invasive. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) offers a minimally invasive, cost-effective alternative for assessing spermatogenesis. Aim & Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic role of testicular FNAC in infertile males by classifying cytological patterns, correlating findings with semen analysis and hormonal profiles, and distinguishing obstructive from non-obstructive infertility. Material & Methods: A 12-month prospective study was conducted at GSVM Medical College and LLR Hospitals, Kanpur, including 140 infertile males with azoospermia or severe oligospermia (<5 million/mL). All underwent semen analysis (WHO criteria), hormonal assays (FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin), and scrotal ultrasonography. FNAC was performed using a 23–25G needle. Smears were stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa, Papanicolaou, and H&E, and categorized into five groups: normal spermatogenesis, hypospermatogenesis, maturation arrest, Sertoli cell-only syndrome, and testicular atrophy. Results: Among the 140 patients evaluated, normal spermatogenesis was observed in 29.3% of cases, all presenting with azoospermia and normal FSH levels, suggesting obstructive azoospermia. Hypospermatogenesis was also identified in 29.3% of patients and was commonly associated with borderline elevated FSH levels and oligospermia. Maturation arrest was the most frequent finding, seen in 35% of cases, predominantly in early stages, and correlated with elevated FSH and low testosterone levels. Sertoli cell-only syndrome was diagnosed with 0.7% of patients, all of whom had markedly elevated FSH levels and azoospermia. Testicular atrophy was observed in 5% of cases, indicating advanced testicular failure. …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Testicular FNAC, Male infertility, Azoospermia, Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome, Maturation Arrest, Hypospermatogenesis, Testicular Cytology, Non-obstructive Azoospermia.
  topic: keywords
creator: Saba Shahin
creator: Yogendra Narayan Verma
creator: Neelima Sachan
creator: Rohit Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-05-01
publication date: 2026-05-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.71393/g5wgv506

Evaluation of P-53 & E-Cadherin Status in Breast Carcinoma & Its Correlation with Histological Grading
type: item
description: Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Although histological grading remains important for prognostic assessment, variability in tumor behavior within similar grades necessitates the evaluation of additional molecular biomarkers. Aim & Objectives: To evaluate the expression of p53 and E-Cadherin in breast carcinoma and to correlate their expression with histological subtype and tumor grade. Material & Methods: This study included 100 histopathologically confirmed cases of breast carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis for p53 and E-Cadherin was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Histological grading was carried out using the Modified Bloom–Richardson (Nottingham) grading system. The expression patterns of both markers were correlated with histological subtype and grade. Results: p53 positivity was observed in 58% of cases and showed a significant association with invasive ductal carcinoma and higher tumor grades. Altered E-Cadherin expression, including partial and complete loss, was noted in a considerable number of cases, with complete loss predominantly seen in invasive lobular carcinoma. Increasing loss of E-Cadherin expression was significantly associated with higher histological grades. Combined evaluation of p53 positivity and E-Cadherin loss demonstrated a stronger correlation with tumor grade and better diagnostic performance compared to individual markers. Conclusion: The combined assessment of p53 and E-Cadherin provides better insight into tumor aggressiveness and correlates significantly with histological grading. Integration of these molecular markers with routine histopathology may improve prognostic stratification in breast carcinoma.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Breast carcinoma, p53, E-Cadherin, Histological grading, Immunohistochemistry, Nottingham grading system, Prognostic markers.
  topic: keywords
creator: Neha Sharma
creator: Yogendra N. Verma
creator: Rohit Singh
creator: Neelima Sachan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-04-22
publication date: 2026-04-22
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.71393/2zqbyf64

Beyond Appendicitis: A Rare Case of Succenturiate Placenta Increta Presenting as Acute Abdomen
type: item
description: Introduction: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a severe obstetric condition characterized by abnormal adherence and invasion of the placenta into the myometrium, often leading to massive hemorrhage and significant maternal morbidity. Despite advances in antenatal imaging, atypical presentations remain diagnostically challenging, particularly in cases with placental morphological variations such as succenturiate lobes. These variants may obscure diagnosis and delay timely intervention. Case Presentation: A 34-year-old multigravida at 32 weeks of gestation presented with acute abdominal pain, initially suggestive of a non-obstetric cause. Initial clinical evaluation and imaging were inconclusive, and the patient was managed conservatively. Due to worsening abdominal pain and rising clinical suspicion, repeat imaging was performed. This revealed a previously undetected succenturiate placental lobe located in the lower uterine segment, showing features consistent with placenta increta, along with hemoperitoneum. The main placental mass was situated anteriorly in the upper uterine segment, contributing to the missed diagnosis in earlier scans. Results: Given the high risk of catastrophic hemorrhage, an emergency cesarean section was undertaken. Intraoperative findings confirmed significant placental invasion with massive hemorrhage, necessitating obstetric hysterectomy and transfusion of blood products. With prompt multidisciplinary management, the patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery. Conclusion: This case highlights the need to consider placenta accreta spectrum in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen during pregnancy, especially in patients with a history of prior uterine surgery. Thorough placental evaluation, heightened clinical suspicion, and timely multidisciplinary intervention are essential to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes in such rare and life-threatening scenarios.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Placenta accreta spectrum; Placenta increta; Succenturiate placenta; Hemoperitoneum; Acute abdomen in pregnancy; Obstetric hemorrhage
  topic: keywords
creator: Sulaikha
creator: Chandrashekhar Shrivastava
creator: Nilaj Bagde
creator: Vinita Singh
creator: Shweta Yadav
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-04-17
publication date: 2026-04-17
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.71393/gj7bhe90

Missed on Imaging, Found on Laparoscopy: A Case of Primary Infertility
type: item
description: Introduction: Infertility is a significant global reproductive health concern, affecting approximately 10–15% of couples, with female factors contributing to nearly half of cases. Although imaging modalities such as ultrasonography and hysterosalpingography (HSG) are widely used as first-line diagnostic tools, they may fail to detect subtle uterine anomalies, tubal pathologies, or peritoneal conditions. As a result, a considerable number of patients are categorized under unexplained infertility. Diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy has emerged as gold standard for comprehensive infertility evaluation, as it allows direct visualization of pelvic organs along with opportunity for simultaneous therapeutic intervention. Aim & Objective: To emphasize the diagnostic value of laparoscopy in identifying pelvic and uterine abnormalities that are not detected by conventional imaging techniques in patients with long-standing primary infertility. Case Presentation: This case involves a 30-year-old woman presenting with primary infertility of eight years’ duration. Preliminary investigations, including hormonal assays, transvaginal ultrasonography, and partner semen analysis, were within normal limits. HSG findings suggested bilateral cornual block. To further evaluate the underlying cause, the patient underwent diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy with chromopertubation under anesthesia. Results: Hysteroscopic examination was inconclusive due to a markedly narrow (pinpoint) internal os, which limited proper uterine cavity assessment. However, laparoscopic evaluation revealed a bicornuate uterus with a non-communicating rudimentary horn-an anomaly not identified in previous imaging studies. Additionally, intra-abdominal findings raised suspicion of abdominal tuberculosis. These combined findings led to a significant revision of the initial diagnosis and influenced subsequent management planning. Conclusion: Diagnostic laparoscopy plays a pivotal role in uncovering hidden pelvic and uterine ab…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Primary infertility, Bicornuate uterus, Diagnostic laparoscopy, Hysterosalpingography, Genital tuberculosis, Unexplained infertility
  topic: keywords
creator: Anamika Dewraja
creator: Sarita Rajbhar
creator: Pushpawati Thakur
creator: Sarita Agrawal
creator: Akanksha Verma
creator: Lavanya Gurugubelli
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.71393/cmtepd93

Giant Fibroadenoma with TP53 Pro/Pro Variant in a 19-Year-Old: Case Report & Implications for Early Risk Stratification
type: item
description: Introduction: Fibroadenomas are common benign breast tumors, particularly in young women, while giant fibroadenomas, defined as those exceeding 5 cm, are rare. TP53 mutations are generally associated with malignancies and are seldom observed in benign breast lesions. The Arg72Pro polymorphism of TP53 is a low-penetrance variant that may modulate cancer susceptibility. Aim & Objectives: This report presents a rare case of a giant fibroadenoma harboring a TP53 codon 72 Pro/Pro polymorphism and explores its potential relevance in early cancer risk stratification. Material & Methods: A 19-year-old female presented with a palpable breast lump. Surgical excision was performed, and histopathology confirmed a giant fibroadenoma. Immunohistochemistry for p53 protein was carried out to assess protein expression. Genomic DNA from peripheral blood was analyzed for TP53 mutations, focusing on codon 72 polymorphism. A literature review was conducted to contextualize TP53 variants in benign breast disease. Results: The excised tumor measured 7.5 cm and displayed benign histology without atypia or malignancy. p53 immunohistochemistry was negative, indicating no protein accumulation. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous Pro/Pro genotype at codon 72, with no pathogenic high-penetrance TP53 mutations detected. Previous studies suggest that this variant may modestly increase cancer susceptibility in specific populations. Conclusion: This case demonstrates a rare coexistence of a TP53 Pro/Pro polymorphism in a benign giant fibroadenoma. While the lesion itself was benign, the presence of a low-penetrance TP53 variant may provide insight into subtle cancer predisposition. These findings underscore the potential role of such polymorphisms as early biomarkers for risk assessment and highlight the need for further research into their prognostic and preventive implications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Giant fibroadenoma, TP53 polymorphism, Arg72Pro, Benign breast lesion, Cancer risk, p53.
  topic: keywords
creator: Chinmay Gaidhankar
creator: Anjani Jalaj
creator: Himanshu Chandel
creator: Ankita Mishra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.71393/95gxfr51

Comparative Study of Thyroid Profile in Patients of Diabetic & Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease
type: item
description: Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder leading to impaired renal function, often complicated by thyroid dysfunction. Diabetes is a major contributor to CKD and may exacerbate thyroid abnormalities, which include subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism. Thyroid dysfunction in CKD patients can worsen clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for early detection and management. Aim & Objective: To compare thyroid profiles in diabetic and non-diabetic CKD patients and assess the prevalence and distribution of thyroid dysfunction across genders and CKD stages. Materials & Methods: An observational, comparative study was conducted at I.G. ESIC Hospital, Delhi, including 90 patients (>18 years) divided equally into diabetic and non-diabetic CKD groups. Blood samples were analyzed for Free T3, Free T4, and TSH using ELISA. Patients with known thyroid disorders, severe trauma, liver disease, nephrotic syndrome, or medications affecting thyroid function were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS, with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Thyroid dysfunction was more prevalent in diabetic CKD patients and females across both groups. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common abnormality, followed by overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism. Euthyroid status was more frequent in males and non-diabetic CKD patients. Thyroid dysfunction increased with CKD severity, peaking in Stage 5, with diabetic patients consistently showing higher prevalence than non-diabetics. Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is common in CKD, particularly among diabetic patients and females, and correlates with disease severity. Routine thyroid screening and early management are recommended to improve outcomes in CKD patients.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chronic kidney disease, Diabetes, Thyroid dysfunction, Subclinical hypothyroidism, Euthyroid, CKD stages.
  topic: keywords
creator: Gitam Dattatray Suryavanshi
creator: Abhiram Chandra Gupta
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.71393/d8vy6807

Correlation Between Hyperferritinemia & Microvascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
type: item
description: Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disorder associated with microvascular complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy. Emerging evidence suggests that elevated serum ferritin, a marker of iron stores and inflammation, may play a role in the pathogenesis of these complications. Aim & Objective: To assess serum ferritin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate its association with microvascular complications. Materials & Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months in the Department of General Medicine, IG ESIC Hospital, Jhilmil, Delhi. A total of 351 patients with T2DM were included based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After obtaining informed consent, detailed clinical history, examination, and investigations including serum ferritin, urine albumin–creatinine ratio, and fundoscopy were performed. Data was analyzed using SPSS, with appropriate statistical tests applied. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 351 patients with T2DM were included, with a mean age of 56.84±7.29 years and a male predominance (57.1%). Over half of the participants were overweight (52%). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy was 23.7% and 22.6%, respectively. The mean serum ferritin level was 376.70±94.56 mcg/L. Significantly higher ferritin levels were observed in patients with diabetic retinopathy (416.93±106.15 vs 364.19±87.19 mcg/L; p=0.001) and nephropathy (400.53±112.68 vs 369.75±87.64 mcg/L; p=0.01). No significant association was found between serum ferritin and HbA1c levels (p=0.26). However, weak but statistically significant positive correlations were noted between ferritin and systolic blood pressure (r=0.12), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.11), platelet count (r=0.24), and urea levels (r=0.12). Conclusion: Hyperferritinemia is common in patients with T2DM and shows a weak association with diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Serum fer…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Serum ferritin, Diabetic retinopathy, Diabetic nephropathy, Microvascular complications, Hyperferritinemia
  topic: keywords
creator: Vishal Bohra
creator: Abhiram Chandra Gupta
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.71393/ray7v284

A Prospective Study of Clinical Profile of Acute Appendicitis & Its Correlation with Ultrasonography Findings In Patients Admitted In J.A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior
type: item
description: Introduction: Acute appendicitis remains one of the most common causes of acute abdomen requiring emergency surgical intervention. Despite classical signs and symptoms, its variable presentation can complicate diagnosis, leading to delayed treatment and serious complications. Ultrasonography (USG), being radiation-free, cost-effective, and readily available, plays a pivotal role in the diagnostic workup, especially in settings with limited access to advanced imaging. Aim & Objective: To study the clinical profile of patients with acute appendicitis and correlate clinical features with ultrasonographic findings to improve diagnostic precision and surgical outcomes. Materials & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over 18 months in the Department of General Surgery, J.A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior, involving 89 patients aged 16–60 years with a provisional diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Detailed clinical history, physical examination, and ultrasonographic evaluations were performed. Diagnosis was confirmed intraoperatively. Data was analyzed for demographic distribution, clinical features, USG parameters, and outcomes. Results: Most patients were males (67.41%) aged between 21–30 years. All presented with central abdominal pain migrating to the right iliac fossa. McBurney’s point tenderness and rebound tenderness were noted in 100% of cases. Ultrasonographically, probe tenderness was present in 97.75%, and the mean appendiceal diameter was 7.43 ± 0.98 mm. All cases showed concordance between clinical, USG, and intraoperative diagnosis. There were no complications or mortality, and all patients had a full recovery. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a strong correlation between clinical signs and ultrasonographic findings in acute appendicitis. Combining both modalities improves diagnostic accuracy, enables timely surgical intervention, and reduces the risk of negative appendectomy and associated complications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acute Appendicitis; Ultrasonography; Clinical Correlation; Mcburney’s Tenderness; Probe Tenderness
  topic: keywords
creator: Rajbali Saket
creator: Chandrakala Dutt
creator: Himanshu Chandel
creator: Tarushi Dutt
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.71393/h9s6ew55

Difference In Clinico - Etiological Profile of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia at A Tertiary Care Hospital
type: item
description: Introduction: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common conditions requiring medical attention in the neonatal period. While most cases are physiological, delayed diagnosis and inappropriate management can lead to severe complications, including acute bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus. Aim & Objectives: To compare the clinico-etiological profile of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia between inborn and outborn neonates admitted to a tertiary care hospital and to identify key risk factors associated with pathological jaundice. Material & Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Special Newborn Care Unit (SNCU) of a tertiary care hospital in Greater Noida over 12 months. Enrolled patients included 360 neonates ≤28 days with hyperbilirubinemia, either clinically suspected or biochemically confirmed. Data collection was done using a structured proforma, and etiological diagnosis was determined based on clinical and laboratory findings. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v28.0; Chi-square and independent t-test were employed, with significance confirmed at p<0.05. Results: Of the 360 neonates included, 269 (74.7%) were inborn and 91 (25.3%) outborn. Pathological jaundice occurred more frequently among outborn neonates (60.4%) than inborn (28.6%) (p=0.001). In outborn infants, significantly higher prevalence for prematurity (36.1%), SGA status (56.1% vs 35.7%, p=0.002), and birth asphyxia (14.3% vs 4.8%, p=0.02) was observed. Neonatal sepsis was the most common etiology in outborn neonates (56.3%, p<0.001). On the other hand, ABO incompatibility (29.8%) and cephalohematoma (31.1%) were the principal factors among inborn infants. Total serum bilirubin levels were comparable between groups, though bilirubin testing was performed significantly earlier among inborn neonates (p=0.001). Conclusion: Significant differences exist in the etiological and clinical profile of hyperbilirubinemia between inborn and outborn neonates. Optim…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia; Pathological jaundice; Inborn neonates; Outborn neonates; Neonatal sepsis; Prematurity; Small for gestational age; ABO incompatibility; Birth asphyxia; Tertiary care hospital.
creator: Azhar Liyakath
creator: Nadiya Dileep
creator: Rakesh Gupta
creator: Sujaya Mukopadhyay
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-03-21
publication date: 2026-03-21
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.71393/w6dvmn32

Clinicopathological Spectrum of Intracranial Space-Occupying Lesions: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
type: item
description: Introduction: Intracranial space-occupying lesions (ICSOLs) comprise a heterogeneous group of neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions with variable clinical presentation and biological behavior. Histopathological examination remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis and grading, which directly influence management and prognosis. Aim & Objectives: To evaluate the demographic profile, clinical presentation, histopathological spectrum, and WHO grade distribution of ICSOLs in a tertiary care center, and to assess associations between clinical features, lesion type, and tumor grade. Material & Methods: This descriptive observational study included 100 consecutive ICSOL cases received in the Department of Pathology in collaboration with Neurosurgery. Clinical details and radiological information were recorded. Tissue specimens obtained by biopsy or excision were processed routinely and stained with hematoxylin and eosin; special stains and immunohistochemistry were performed where required. Lesions were classified according to WHO CNS tumor classification, and gliomas/meningiomas were graded as per WHO criteria. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and χ² tests were applied to examine symptom–lesion associations and compare grade distribution; p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age was 41.3 ± 18.7 years (range 2–70), with a peak in 31–40 years (22%). There was marginal male predominance (52%). Neoplastic lesions predominated (95%). Gliomas were most common (30%), followed by meningiomas (24%) and schwannomas (15%). Headache was the commonest symptom (62%), followed by seizures (34%) and visual disturbance (28%). Significant symptom associations were observed for headache, seizures, visual disturbance, focal neurological deficit, and fever (p < 0.05). WHO grade distribution differed significantly between gliomas and meningiomas, with high-grade tumors (Grade III–IV) significantly more frequent among gliomas (χ² = 14.22, p = 0.00016). C…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Intracranial space-occupying lesion; CNS tumors; Histopathology; Glioma; Meningioma; WHO grading
  topic: keywords
creator: Neha Sharma
creator: Vandana Mishra Tewari
creator: Lubna Khan
creator: Shriya Dubey
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.71393/ecdbpm12

A Comparative Study of Lichtenstein's Technique & Modified Lichtenstein Techniquein the Surgical Management of Inguinal Hernia
type: item
description: Introduction: Inguinal hernia repair is among the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. The Lichtenstein tension-free mesh repair is the standard approach, though modifications have been introduced to reduce postoperative complications, chronic pain, and recurrence. Aim & Objective: This study aimed to compare the outcomes of the Modified Lichtenstein (ML) technique with the standard Lichtenstein (L) technique regarding postoperative complications, pain, and recurrence in patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair. Materials & Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, J.A. Group of Hospitals, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior. Seventy adult patients with inguinal hernia were randomly assigned to two groups: Group L (n=35) underwent standard Lichtenstein repair, and Group ML (n=35) underwent the Modified Lichtenstein repair. Demographic data, hernia type and side, intraoperative details, postoperative complications, pain scores, and recurrence were recorded and analyzed. Results: Both groups were comparable in age, gender, occupation, hernia type, and side, with most patients’ male (97.1%), aged 41–50 years (27.1%), right-sided hernia (55.7%), and indirect type (82.9%). All cases used spinal anesthesia and polypropylene mesh. Group L had significantly higher wound gaping (31.4% vs 5.7%, p=0.0118) and postoperative discharge (17.1% vs 0%, p<0.05). Seroma occurred in 11.4% of Group L and none in Group ML (p=0.1142). Mild pain predominated in Group ML at 24 and 48 hours, while moderate pain was more frequent in Group L. Recurrence at 11 months was observed in 17.1% of Group L and none in Group ML (p=0.0267). Conclusion: The Modified Lichtenstein repair is a safe, simple, and effective alternative to the standard technique, offering fewer postoperative complications, better pain control, and reduced short-term recurrence.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Inguinal hernia, Lichtenstein repair, Modified Lichtenstein technique, Mesh hernioplasty, Postoperative pain, Recurrence.
  topic: keywords
creator: Aishwarya Khapekar
creator: Sunil Agrawal
creator: Amit Ojha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.71393/8s31a191

The Promise & Peril of Personalized Medicine
type: item
description: Editorial In the last decade, the term personalized medicine has transformed from a futuristic buzzword into a tangible revolution at the heart of modern healthcare [1]. Once, medicine was an art of averages - a prescription for the “typical” patient, a treatment designed to fit the majority. Today, fueled by advances in genomics, data analytics, and biotechnology, medicine is moving toward an era where treatment is not only based on disease but tailored to the individual who bears it [2-4]. The promise is profound. Genetic profiling can now identify how a person might respond to a drug, detect predispositions to conditions like cancer or Alzheimer's, and even guide preventive measures long before symptoms appear [1,3]. In oncology, for instance, targeted therapies have already begun to replace traditional chemotherapy with precision strikes on specific genetic mutations [10]. For many patients, this shift has meant longer survival and a better quality of life [5,10]. Yet, beneath this optimism lies a complex web of ethical, social, and economic challenges. Personalized medicine demands vast amounts of data - from genetic codes to lifestyle metrics - raising urgent questions about privacy and consent [8,9]. Who owns our genetic information? Can it be used to discriminate in employment or insurance? Furthermore, as cutting-edge therapies often carry astronomical price tags, there is a risk that personalized medicine could deepen the divide between those who can afford bespoke care and those who cannot [5,6]. Equally important is the issue of access to technology and representation in research. The genetic data driving personalized medicine has historically been derived largely from populations of European descent [7]. If this imbalance continues, the so-called “personalization” may fail to serve humanity in its entirety, leaving large segments of the global population without effective therapies [9]. To ensure that personalized medicine fulfills its humanitarian prom…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Karan Singh Saini
creator: Satendra Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-01-20
publication date: 2026-01-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.71393/ythyhm93

A Community-Driven Analysis of Home Delivery Preference among Tribal Families in Bhimpur Block, Madhya Pradesh
type: item
description: Introduction: Despite the expansion of institutional maternal health services in India, home delivery remains prevalent among tribal communities. Socio-cultural traditions, geographical isolation, economic constraints, and trust in traditional birth attendants continue to influence childbirth practices. Understanding these factors is essential for designing culturally responsive maternal health interventions. Aim & Objectives: The study aimed to analyze the socio-cultural, geographical, economic, and trust-based factors influencing the preference for home delivery among tribal communities in the Bhimpur Block of Betul district, Madhya Pradesh. The objectives included assessing awareness of government maternal health schemes, access to health facilities, and the role of elders and traditional dais in childbirth decision-making. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was adopted. Purposive sampling was used to select 200 tribal elders from the villages of Guruwa, Pipariya, and Kasmarkhandi. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were employed for quantitative analysis, while thematic analysis was used for qualitative responses. Results: The findings revealed that 66% of respondents preferred home delivery. Cultural practices significantly influenced this preference (66%), along with a high level of trust in traditional dais (81%). Elders played a dominant role in childbirth decisions (90%). Awareness of ambulance services (82%) and the Janani Suraksha Yojana (64%) was moderate; however, only 29% were aware of a nearby delivery facility, and 61% perceived health facilities as geographically distant. Conclusion: The study concludes that the preference for home delivery is shaped by deeply rooted cultural norms, financial insecurity, limited accessibility, and trust-based relationships rather than mere personal choice. Culturally sensitive, decentralized mater…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Home delivery, Tribal communities, Institutional delivery, Elder decision-making, Maternal health, Bhimpur Block, Traditional birth attendants.
  topic: keywords
creator: Pranjal Upadhayay
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2026-01-19
publication date: 2026-01-19
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.71393/9takya56

A Clinical Study of Socio-Demographic Variables and Their Correlation to Psychiatric Morbidities in Dermatological Disorders
type: item
description: Introduction: Psychological factors are increasingly recognized as important contributors to dermatological disorders. Many patients with skin diseases experience significant emotional distress, which negatively affects their quality of life and interferes with overall well-being. Symptoms such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and social withdrawal are commonly reported. In addition to psychological variables, socio-demographic factors-including age, gender, marital status, educational level, and socioeconomic status may influence both the onset and prognosis of dermatological conditions. Understanding these associations is essential for guiding patient-centred and holistic management. Aim & Objective: The present study aims to evaluate socio-demographic variables and examine their correlation with psychiatric morbidities among patients with dermatological disorders. Materials & Methods: This hospital-based prospective study was conducted among patients attending the outpatient department (OPD) and inpatient ward of the Dermatology Department at B. S. Kushwah Medical College, Kanpur. Relevant socio-demographic information, along with psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses, was systematically assessed. Results: The findings demonstrate that gender, age, educational level, and socioeconomic status significantly influence the prevalence of psychiatric morbidities in dermatological patients. A statistically significant association was observed in married females, individuals aged 41–60 years, and those with education below the high-school level, who exhibited higher rates of psychiatric comorbidities compared to other groups. Conclusion: This study underscores the strong relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and psychiatric morbidities in patients with dermatological disorders. As individuals presenting to hospitals are more likely to have moderate to severe disease, these findings may not fully represent the general population of dermatology patien…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Dermatological disorders, Psychiatric morbidity, Socio-demographic factors, Psychological distress, Quality of life, Mental health, Hospital-based study
  topic: keywords
creator: Priyanka Singh
creator: Arnab Deb
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-11-30
publication date: 2025-11-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.71393/0ahc1057

Clinical & Ultrasonography Based Scoring to Predict Pre-Operatively the Conversionof Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy - A Prospective Observational Study
type: item
description: Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the standard procedure for gallbladder removal due to its minimally invasive nature and better postoperative outcomes. However, conversion to open cholecystectomy (OC) may be required in certain high-risk cases, leading to longer operative times and increased morbidity. Early identification of factors predictive of conversion is essential to improve surgical preparedness and patient counseling. Materials & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, J.A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior, over 18 months. A total of 330 patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis and planned for LC were evaluated preoperatively using a clinical and ultrasonographic scoring system. Parameters included gallbladder morphology, wall thickness, stone size and location, number of attacks, duration of complaints, and comorbidities. Standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed, and intraoperative conversion rates were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS-25, with ROC curve analysis used to identify predictive cutoff scores. Results: Out of 330 patients, 38 (11.5%) required conversion to OC. The conversion rate was significantly higher in patients aged 51–60 years (29.6%), those with multiple prior attacks (up to 83.3%), and those with complaints longer than 12 months (60.5%). Ultrasonographic factors such as gallbladder wall thickness >3 mm, stone at the neck, stone size ≥2 cm, and pericholecystic collection were significantly associated with conversion. A USG score cutoff of >8.5 predicted conversion with moderate sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: Clinical and ultrasonographic parameters effectively predict the likelihood of conversion from LC to OC. The scoring system aids in risk stratification, surgical planning, and informed consent, ensuring better outcomes and resource optimization.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, conversion, ultrasonographic scoring, gallstone disease, predictive model
  topic: keywords
creator: Sakshi Jain
creator: Prashant Raj Pipariya
creator: Naveen Kushwah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.71393/8fyjzv82

Intracameral use of Moxifloxacin in Prevention of Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery in a Tertiary Care Centre
type: item
description: Introduction: Postoperative endophthalmitis is a rare but vision-threatening complication of cataract surgery. The use of intracameral antibiotics, particularly moxifloxacin, has gained attention as a preventive measure due to its broad-spectrum coverage and safety profile. Aim & Objective: To determine the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery and to evaluate the preventive efficacy of intracameral moxifloxacin. Material & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over 18 months in a tertiary care ophthalmology department and included 2000 patients undergoing cataract surgery by a single surgeon to ensure consistency. Patients were divided into two groups: 1000 received intracameral moxifloxacin and 1000 served as controls. Adults above 18 years providing written consent were included, while those with traumatic or complicated cataracts, combined surgeries, or intraoperative complications were excluded. Data on demographics, intraoperative events, and postoperative infection were analyzed using STATA software. Result: The overall incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis was 0.25% (5/2000 patients). Among those, one case occurred in the moxifloxacin group and four in the control group. Most patients (over 90%) had uneventful surgeries, while posterior capsule rent was observed in 7–8% of cases. Causative organisms included Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All affected patients presented with pain, lid edema, corneal edema, and hypopyon, with visual outcomes ranging from 6/60 to no light perception. Conclusion: The study observed a low incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis consistent with global data. Although intracameral moxifloxacin did not show a statistically significant reduction in infection rates, it remains a safe adjunct. Posterior capsule rent was a key risk factor, emphasizing meticulous surgical technique and infection control.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cataract surgery, Endophthalmitis, Intracameral moxifloxacin, Posterior capsule rent, Prophylaxis
  topic: keywords
creator: Sadik Beniwale
creator: Akshay Padgilwar
creator: Umair Taibani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-28
publication date: 2025-10-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.71393/51e7m431

Study of Serum Electrolytes in Patients Presenting with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
type: item
description: Introduction: Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hyponatremia and hypokalemia, are common in acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) and may worsen outcomes. Aim & Objective: To assess the prevalence and impact of serum electrolyte imbalances, specifically hyponatremia and hypokalemia, in patients with AECOPD. Materials & Methods: A prospective observational study included 113 AECOPD patients admitted to G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (May 2023–Sept 2024). Serum sodium and potassium were measured at admission and discharge. Clinical severity was assessed using mMRC and qSOFA scores, and associations with smoking status, ECG findings, recovery, hospital stay, and mortality were analyzed. Results: Most patients were male (79.6%), smokers (61.9%), and aged >70 years (45.1%). Hyponatremia and hypokalemia were observed in 55.8% and 43.4%, respectively, and were significantly associated with smoking. Lower electrolyte levels correlated with higher mMRC and qSOFA scores (p<0.05). Patients with electrolyte imbalances had delayed recovery, prolonged hospitalization, and higher mortality, with the worst outcomes in those with both imbalances. ECG changes, including sinus tachycardia and pulmonale, were more frequent in patients with these disturbances. Conclusion: Hyponatremia and hypokalemia are prevalent in AECOPD and linked to increased disease severity, longer hospital stay, and higher mortality. Early detection and correction of these imbalances are crucial to improve outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acute exacerbation of COPD, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, serum electrolytes, mMRC, qSOFA, hospital outcomes, electrolyte imbalance
  topic: keywords
creator: Prateek Bagde
creator: Rakesh Gaharwar
creator: Manish Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-28
publication date: 2025-10-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.71393/81bh8g62

Unmasking the Hidden Uterine Cavity: Laparoscopic Excision of ACUM in an Adolescent Girl
type: item
description: Introduction: Accessory Cavitated Uterine Malformation (ACUM) is a rare congenital Müllerian anomaly characterized by a non-communicating accessory uterine cavity lined with functional endometrial tissue. It is usually located near the uterine cornua and presents in young, nulliparous women with severe dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain. Due to its rarity and overlapping features with other gynecological disorders, ACUM is often misdiagnosed, delaying appropriate management. Case Presentation: An 18-year-old nulliparous female presented with severe, cyclical lower abdominal pain and dysmenorrhea persisting for three years, unresponsive to conventional medical therapy. Pelvic ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined intramyometrial cystic lesion near the right uterine horn, not communicating with the endometrial cavity, suggestive of ACUM. Laparoscopic evaluation confirmed the diagnosis, and the lesion was excised completely. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient reported complete resolution of dysmenorrhea during follow-up. Discussion: ACUM results from a developmental anomaly involving the Müllerian ducts, leading to the formation of an accessory uterine cavity with functional endometrium. The condition mimics endometriosis, adenomyosis, or uterine fibroids on imaging. MRI serves as the diagnostic modality of choice due to its superior soft-tissue characterization. Surgical excision of the accessory cavity is curative and provides long-term symptom relief, preserving fertility. Conclusion: ACUM, though rare, should be considered in young women presenting with refractory dysmenorrhea or chronic pelvic pain. Early recognition and laparoscopic excision result in excellent symptom resolution and improved quality of life.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ACUM, Dysmenorrhea, Müllerian anomalies, Laparoscopy, Uterine malformation
  topic: keywords
creator: Shikha Nagar
creator: Om Kumari
creator: Megha Jindal
creator: Shruti Gautam
creator: Latika Chawla
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-24
publication date: 2025-10-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.71393/d8kacq60

Robotic-Assisted Myomectomy of a Deeply Impacted Retroperitoneal Fibroid Running Head: Robotic Myomectomy of Retroperitoneal Fibroid
type: item
description: Background: Retroperitoneal fibroids are rare benign smooth muscle tumors accounting for approximately 1.2% of all uterine leiomyomas. Their atypical extrauterine location often leads to diagnostic uncertainty and may mimic pelvic malignancies. Minimally invasive and robotic-assisted surgical approaches have recently expanded therapeutic options for such complex cases. Case Presentation: A 49-year-old multiparous woman presented with heavy menstrual bleeding and dull pelvic pain for one year. Clinical examination revealed a firm, immobile mass in the rectovaginal septum. MRI identified a 7×6×5 cm retroperitoneal fibroid with degenerative changes compressing the rectum, along with two smaller uterine fibroids. Tumor markers were normal. The patient underwent robotic-assisted hysterectomy with concomitant myomectomy using the da Vinci Xi system. The retroperitoneal fibroid was safely dissected and delivered vaginally without intraoperative complications. Result: Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient was discharged after 48 hours. Histopathology confirmed benign leiomyoma. At one-month follow-up, she remained asymptomatic. Conclusion: Robotic-assisted surgery provides enhanced visualization and precision, enabling safe removal of deeply impacted retroperitoneal fibroids with minimal morbidity. This case highlights the safety and efficacy of robotic-assisted management in complex gynecologic surgery.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Robotic, Myomectomy, Retroperitoneal fibroid Leiomyoma Robotic surgery
  topic: keywords
creator: Latika Chawla
creator: Shalini Rajaram
creator: Kanak Dubey
creator: Simardeep Kaur
creator: Pooja Garg
creator: Shikha Nagar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-16
publication date: 2025-10-16
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.71393/tc3v0773

Clinical Profile, Management, and Outcomes of Penile Fracture: A Case Series of Four Patients
type: item
description: Background: Penile fracture is an uncommon urological emergency that requires prompt surgical management to prevent long-term complications such as erectile dysfunction and penile curvature. Material & Methods: We present a case series of four patients with penile fracture managed surgically at our institution. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, operative findings, surgical methods, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: The mean age was 45.7 years (range: 35–58). The duration from injury to presentation varied between 6 and 48 hours. Sexual intercourse was the most common cause (three cases, 75%), with one case resulting from accidental fall on an erect penis. All patients presented with penile pain, swelling, and immediate detumescence; two reported an audible 'snap'. Intraoperative findings revealed tunical tears in the right corpora cavernosa (n=2), left corpora cavernosa (n=1), and bilateral corpora cavernosa (n=1). Surgical repair was performed using subcoronal degloving in three patients and direct incision in one. No urethral injuries were noted. Postoperatively, one patient developed wound infection, managed conservatively. At follow-up, three patients had normal erectile function, while one developed mild penile curvature with preserved functional erections. Conclusion: Early surgical repair of penile fracture results in favorable outcomes. Our series reinforces the importance of prompt diagnosis and intervention to preserve sexual function.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Penile Fracture Surgical repair Erectile Dysfunction Corpora Cavernosa Urological emergency
  topic: keywords
creator: Shivam Upadhayaya
creator: Sanjay Parashar
creator: Akash Banerjee
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-09
publication date: 2025-10-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.71393/q068xy76

A Clinical Study of Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Liver Abscess in a Tertiary Care Hospital
type: item
description: Introduction: This study investigated treatment outcomes in 200 patients with liver abscesses over 1.5 years at a tertiary care hospital. Materials & Methods: Patient demographics, clinical presentations, treatment methods, and outcomes such as abscess resolution, complications, and hospital stay duration were examined. Results: Results revealed that antibiotic therapy alone was successful in 72% of cases, particularly for abscesses smaller than 5 cm and in patients who were hemodynamically stable. Percutaneous drainage was employed in 20% of patients, demonstrating a high success rate with minimal complications, and was most effective for abscesses that were not amenable to antibiotic treatment alone. Surgical intervention was required in 8% of cases, especially for large or multi-loculated abscesses, or those with complications like rupture or sepsis, resulting in longer hospital stays and a higher complication rate compared to less invasive treatments. Factors influencing outcomes included abscess size, patient comorbidities, and initial response to antibiotics. Conclusion: The study underscores the significance of early diagnosis and individualized treatment plans in achieving favorable outcomes for patients with liver abscesses. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for managing complex cases to optimize patient outcomes and minimize complications. The study suggests the need for further prospective research to refine treatment strategies and improve patient care in liver abscess management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Liver Abscess Treatment Outcomes Antibiotic Therapy Percutaneous Drainage Surgical Intervention Tertiary Care Hospital
  topic: keywords
creator: Shivam Upadhayaya
creator: Prashant Shrivastava
creator: Aditya Diwan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-09
publication date: 2025-10-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 13
doi: 10.71393/0rq9j632

Congenital Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia
type: item
description: Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is the leading cause of persistent hypoglycaemia in neonates and infants. It is most often associated with ABCC8 and KCNJ11 mutations, and early recognition is vital to prevent neurodevelopmental sequelae. Although genetic testing has improved diagnosis and management, the detection of variants of uncertain significance (VUS) presents challenges for interpretation and counselling. Case Presentation: We describe a male neonate, delivered at 36 weeks by emergency cesarean section for oligohydramnios and abnormal CTG. Soon after birth, he developed respiratory distress requiring NICU admission and ventilatory support. During his stay, he experienced recurrent hypoglycaemic seizures. Biochemical evaluation confirmed hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia. He was treated with diazoxide and hydrochlorothiazide, achieving good glycaemic control. Clinical exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous ABCC8 variant (c.4078G>A; p.Val1360Met), classified as a VUS, associated with leucine sensitive hypoglycaemia of infancy. Discussion & Conclusion: This case highlights the clinical relevance of integrating genetic results with phenotype and therapeutic response in CHI. The identification of an ABCC8 VUS underscores the limitations of current genetic interpretation and the importance of careful follow-up. Preconception counselling, family testing, and ongoing variant reclassification are critical to guide recurrence risk and optimize future pregnancy outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Congenital hyperinsulinism ABCC8 gene Variant of uncertain significance (VUS) Neonatal hypoglycaemia Diazoxide responsiveness Genetic counselling
  topic: keywords
creator: Sarita Rajbhar
creator: Aishwarya Honwad
creator: Chandrashekhar Shrivastava
creator: Phalguni Padhi
creator: Atiya Raza
creator: Pushpawati Thakur
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-08
publication date: 2025-10-08
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.71393/qfbqx549

To Study Cardiovascular Changes in Patient of Anemia
type: item
description: Introduction: Anemia is a widespread hematological disorder that significantly impacts cardiovascular health due to the reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Chronic anemia compels the cardiovascular system to initiate compensatory mechanisms, including tachycardia, increased stroke volume, and hyperdynamic circulation, which eventually predispose to structural and functional cardiac changes such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), cardiomegaly, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Aim and Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate cardiovascular changes in anemic patients using electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, and chest X-ray, with objectives to assess the distribution of anemia types, their association with cardiovascular abnormalities, and the relationship between hemoglobin levels and cardiac function. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior, over 17 months (May 2023–September 2024). A total of 100 anemic patients (Hb <13 g/dL in males, <12 g/dL in females), aged 18–70 years, with equal gender representation, were included. Clinical evaluation, hematological investigations, ECG, echocardiography, and chest X-ray were performed. Data were analyzed using chi-square test to determine associations. Results: Microcytic hypochromic anemia was most common (51%), followed by normocytic normochromic (23%), macrocytic (21%), and dimorphic (5%). Cardiovascular involvement was evident, with LVH in 61%, cardiomegaly in 59%, and ECG abnormalities in 68%, mainly ST depression with T inversion and sinus tachycardia. Significant associations linked microcytic anemia with poor sanitation and worm infestation. Conclusion: Anemia, particularly iron deficiency type, exerts profound cardiovascular effects, with LVH, cardiomegaly, and ECG abnormalities predominating. Early recognition, correction of anemia, and routine cardiac evaluation are crucial for preventing …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anemia Cardiovascular changes Left ventricular hypertrophy Cardiomegaly Echocardiography
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Ravi Singh
creator: Dr. Shweta Sahai
creator: Dr. Gaurav Kavi Bhargava
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-04
publication date: 2025-10-04
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.71393/pxaqjh78

A Study of Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Haemodialysis at a Tertiary Care Centre
type: item
description: Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition frequently culminating in end-stage renal disease (ESRD), where hemodialysis serves as a life sustaining therapy. However, dialysis is associated with a broad spectrum of complications that adversely affect patient morbidity, quality of life, and treatment outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and patterns of dialysis-related complications and their correlation with sociodemographic and clinical factors among CKD patients at a tertiary care center. Material and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine over two years (July 2023–June 2025). Ninety-five adult patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were included using purposive sampling. Data were collected on demographic details, comorbidities, laboratory findings, and dialysis-related complications. Complications were categorized into patient-related, technical, and vascular access-related groups. Statistical analysis explored associations between complications and clinical variables. Results: The majority of patients were aged 51–70 years (55.79%) with a slight male predominance (53.68%). Hypertension (41.05%) and diabetes mellitus (34.74%) were the most common comorbidities. Cardiovascular complications were the most frequent patient-related events (71.58%), followed by central nervous system manifestations (28.42%). Technical complications included dialyzer reactions (26.32%) and bleeding diathesis (22.11%), while vascular access-related complications comprised steal syndrome (51.58%), central venous thrombosis (18.95%), and cardiac arrest (14.74%). No statistically significant associations were observed between complications and age, gender, dialysis duration, BMI, personal history, or comorbidities, indicating multifactorial etiologies. Conclusion: Complications in hemodialysis patients are diverse, with cardiovascular, technical, and vascular access issues significantly con…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chronic kidney disease Hemodialysis Vascular access Cardiovascular morbidity
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Omkar Jadhav
creator: Dr. S.S. Chavan
creator: Dr. S. V. Birajdar
creator: Dr. Sachin Chaudhari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.71393/htz6h257

Relationship of Femoral Artery Ultrasound Measures of Atherosclerosis in Chronic Kidney Disease: Assessing Atherosclerosis in CKD Via fIMT
type: item
description: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) substantially elevates the risk of cardiovascular complications, including peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, the traditional method for PAD screening—the ankle-brachial index (ABI)—may be less effective in CKD patients due to vascular calcification, which can compromise the sensitivity of the test. Given this limitation, the study investigates femoral artery intima-media thickness (fIMT) as a potential early marker of atherosclerosis in individuals with CKD. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences between April and September 2024. The study included 50 CKD patients under 50 years of age who underwent lower limb Doppler ultrasonography. Femoral artery intima-media thickness and the presence of plaques were assessed using a high-frequency ultrasound probe. The ABI was calculated for each patient, and renal function was evaluated using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Additional clinical and demographic data including diabetes, hypertension, and smoking status were recorded. Results: Among the 50 participants, 18% showed increased femoral IMT, while 40% had detectable femoral artery plaques. The presence of plaques was more common in males, diabetics, hypertensives, and smokers. A significant positive correlation was observed between plaque formation and declining eGFR levels. Importantly, some patients with normal ABI values still demonstrated plaque presence on ultrasound, indicating that ABI alone may miss early or subclinical PAD in CKD populations. Conclusion: Femoral artery ultrasonography proved valuable in identifying early atherosclerotic changes in CKD patients, especially in cases where ABI results were within the normal range. These findings suggest that measuring fIMT and detecting plaques via ultrasound can serve as effective, non-invasive methods for early PAD detection in CKD, potentially enabling earlier intervention and improved …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) Femoral Intima-Media Thickness (fIMT) Atherosclerosis Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Rachana R. Naik
creator: Dr. Pranav
creator: Dr. Sanjay S. C.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Recent Advances in Applied Sciences (pISSN 0970-1990)
date: 2025-09-03
publication date: 2025-09-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.71393/exgt1969