Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Non-Traumatic Hip Pain

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in diagnosing non-traumatic hip pain, focusing on identifying various pathologies, including Avascular Necrosis (AVN), and assessing MRI’s diagnostic accuracy. Introduction: Non- traumatic hip pain can arise from several musculoskeletal and systemic conditions, with Avascular Necrosis (AVN) being one of the most common causes. MRI has become the preferred modality for evaluating hip pathologies due to its ability to provide detailed images of both bone and soft tissue structures. This study investigates the role of MRI in diagnosing these conditions and identifies the prevalence of different hip disorders. MRI is essential not only for detecting common issues like AVN but also for identifying rare conditions, such as tumors and infections, that contribute to hip pain. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Bangalore, from July to December 2023. A total of 43 patients (28 males, 15 females) with non-traumatic hip pain underwent MRI evaluation to identify the underlying causes of their symptoms. Results: The most common diagnosis was Avascular Necrosis (AVN), with 30.2% of cases having bilateral AVN. The study also identified AVN (unilateral) in 9.3% of patients. Additionally, tumors such as metastasis/myeloma accounted for 4.6% of cases. Other diagnoses included trochanteric bursitis, hip joint synovitis, and tubercular arthropathy. MRI was critical in diagnosing these conditions, particularly AVN, and was instrumental in early-stage detection. Conclusion: MRI plays a vital role in diagnosing non-traumatic hip pain, particularly Avascular Necrosis. It offers superior diagnostic accuracy, allowing for early detection of hip disorders, including tumors, infections, and other musculoskeletal pathologies. Early diagnosis through MRI enables timely interventions, improving patient outcomes and preventing further complications.